ABSTRACT Cordia trichotomais a native species with economic potential due to its wood quality. However, knowledge regarding the production of quality seedlings of the species is still incipient. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the use of agricultural residues as a substrate compound and the shading intensities in the nursery phase forCordia trichotomaseedlings production. Five substrate compositions were tested: S1 (80% CF-coconut fiber- and 20% CCC-carbonized coffee husks); S2 (60% FC and 40% CCC); S3 (80% FC and 20% CAC-carbonized rice husk); S4 (60% FC and 40% CAC); S5 (100% commercial substrate). Also, we tested four different shading levels: 0%; 30%; 50%;80%. The experiment was in a factorial design with a completely randomized design. At 180 days, we measured seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, and root system dry mass and calculated the robustness index and Dickson Quality Index. We observed that carbonized husks provided lower growth than the use of a commercial substrate in all analyzed variables. Furthermore, shading provided negative quadratic growth in the analyzed variables. Thus, it is recommended the use of commercial substrate and shading of 50% in seedlings of Cordia trichotoma

RESUMO Cordia trichotoma é uma espécie nativa que possui grande importância econômica devido à valorização da qualidade de sua madeira. No entanto, os conhecimentos quanto a produção de mudas de qualidade da espécie ainda são incipientes. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar o uso de resíduos agrícolas como composto de substrato e as intensidades de sombreamento em fase de viveiro, para a produção de mudas de Cordia trichotoma. Foram testadas cinco composições de substrato: S1 (80% FC-fibra de coco- e 20% CCC-casca de café carbonizada); S2 (60% FC e 40% CCC); S3 (80% FC e 20% CAC-casca de arroz carbonizada); S4 (60% FC e 40% CAC); S5 (100% substrato comercial). E quatro diferentes níveis de sombreamento: 0%; 30%; 50%; 80%. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial. Foram mensurados aos 180 dias, a altura das mudas, o diâmetro de coleto, a massa seca da parte aérea, a massa seca do sistema radicular e calculados o índice de robustez e o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson. Foi observado que o uso de cascas proporcionou crescimento inferior ao uso de substrato comercial, em todas as variáveis analisadas. Ademais, o sombreamento proporcionou comportamento quadrático negativo nas variáveis analisadas. Assim, recomenda-se a utilização de substrato comercial e de sombreamento de 50%, em mudas de Cordia trichotoma.

RESUMO Para que haja uma restauração florestal eficaz é de fundamental importância o conhecimento sobre o crescimento inicial das plantas. Dentre os aspectos a serem considerados destacam-se as exigências nutricionais das espécies utilizadas para tal finalidade, tendo em vista que essas áreas, geralmente, apresentam solos de baixa fertilidade, o que pode dificultar o estabelecimento e crescimento das espécies plantadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da adubação fosfatada em espécies florestais nativas, destinadas à recuperação de uma área degradada. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico da UFLA - Fazenda Muquém, situada no município de Lavras, Minas Gerais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados completos, com 12 repetições e uma planta por parcela, em esquema fatorial 7 x 4, sendo sete espécies e quatro doses de superfosfato simples (0, 150, 300 e 450 gramas/cova). Aos 60 dias após o plantio, foram coletados dados sobre porcentagem de sobrevivência, diâmetro ao nível do solo e altura das plantas. Aos 300 dias, além do diâmetro e altura, foi avaliada a área de projeção de copa das plantas. As espécies apresentaram altos percentuais de sobrevivência, com exceção do Inga edulis, com sobrevivência de 58%. Dentre as sete espécies estudadas, Schinus terebinthifolius e Guazuma ulmifolia foram as que apresentaram maior crescimento dos parâmetros analisados, sendo, portanto, as espécies de maior potencial para um recobrimento mais rápido dessa área. A adubação fosfatada influenciou, de forma distinta, o crescimento inicial das sete espécies, em relação às doses de superfosfato simples aplicadas. Recomenda-se a dose de 250 gramas de superfosfato simples por cova, como adubação de base para todas as espécies.

ABSTRACT For an effective forest restoration, knowledge about the initial growth of plants is of fundamental importance. Among the aspects to be considered, the nutritional requirements of the species used for this purpose stand out, considering that these areas generally have low fertility soils, which can hinder the establishment and growth of the planted species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of phosphate fertilization on native forest species, destined to the recovery of a degraded area. The experiment was carried out at the Center for Scientific and Technological Development at UFLA - Fazenda Muquém, located in the municipality of Lavras, Minas Gerais. The experimental design used was in complete randomized blocks, with 12 replicates and one plant per plot, in a 7 x 4 factorial scheme, with seven species and four doses of simple superphosphate (0, 150, 300 and 450 grams/pit). At 60 days after planting, data on percentage of survival, diameter at ground level and plant height were collected. At 300 days, in addition to the diameter and height, the canopy projection area of the plants was evaluated. The species showed high percentages of survival, with the exception of Inga edulis, with 58% survival. Among the seven species studied, Schinus terebinthifolius and Guazuma ulmifolia were the ones that showed the highest growth in the analyzed parameters, being, therefore, the species with the greatest potential for a faster covering of this area. Phosphate fertilization influenced, in a different way, the initial growth of the seven species, in relation to the doses of simple superphosphate applied. It is recommended to dose 250 grams of simple superphosphate per hole, as a basic fertilization for all species.

Abstract Acrocarpus fraxinifolius stands out due to its uses in the timber industry and rapid growth. However, information is scarce regarding its fertilization. We aim to understand how soil preparation and phosphorus doses affect A. fraxinifolius initial development. The experimental design used was a randomized block design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, consisting of two types of soil tillage (minimum and conventional) and five doses of phosphorus (P) (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g of simple superphosphate) with four replications, and plots formed by two plants. The measurement occurs at 30 and 210 days after planting, assessing the height and diameter at the stem height. Initially, the minimum tillage provided had a higher average height and diameter. However, conventional tillage, acidity correction, and fertilization with 108 g of simple superphosphate per plant resulted in Acrocarpus fraxinifolius plants with better growth at 210 days after planting.

Abstract We present the first records of insect visitors and pollinators of Bertholletia excelsa (Lecythidaceae) in a 25 years plantation outside the Amazon biome, flowering and producing Brazil nuts. We installed a platform to observe and photograph the insects. The collected insects were stored, mounted, and identified by specialists. Six species were observed, three of them classified as potential pollinators (Centris lutea, Eulaema nigrita, Eulaema cingulata). The species E. nigrita and E. cingulata were already reported as a pollinators of Brazil nut in Amazon. This is the first record of C. lutea as potential pollinators for B. excelsa.

Abstract Basic information about growth rate and response to silvicultural treatments on potential native species are bottlenecks for the wide use of these species for forest production. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the silvicultural performance of four native species as a function of pruning intensity. The experimental design was completely randomized with ten replications and one plant per plot, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, four forest species, and four pruning intensities. At 30 and 42 months, height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH) were evaluated, then the current annual increment (CAI) was calculated, as well as the mean annual increment (MAI) at 42 months. Guazuma ulmifolia showed higher growth in height and DBH compared to other species at both ages. The pruning resulted in a reduction of MAI in 0.15 cm. year-1 in DBH for every 25% of pruning intensity.